“Now what, monks, is right effort? Here, monks, a monk regarding bad and unwholesome thoughts that have not yet arisen generates desire for their non-arising, (in this regard) he endeavours, instigates energy, exerts his mind, and makes an effort. Regarding bad and unwholesome things that have already arisen he generates desire for their abandonment, (in this regard) he endeavours, instigates energy, exerts his mind, and makes an effort. He generates desire for the arising of wholesome things that have not yet arisen, (in this regard) he endeavours, instigates energy, exerts his mind, and makes an effort. Regarding wholesome things that have arisen he generates desire for their endurance, persistence, multiplication, extension, development, and fulfilment, (in this regard) he endeavours, instigates energy, exerts his mind, and makes an effort.” – DN 21
“Katamo ca, bhikkhave, sammāvāyāmo? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anuppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ anuppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṁ pāpakānaṁ akusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ pahānāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ uppādāya chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṁ kusalānaṁ dhammānaṁ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṁ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṁ ārabhati cittaṁ paggaṇhāti padahati.”
ရဟန်းတို့ သမ္မာဝါယာမသည် အဘယ်နည်း။ ရဟန်းတို့ ဤသာသနာတော်၌ ရဟန်းသည် မဖြစ်သေးသော ယုတ်မာသော အကုသိုလ်တရားတို့ကိုမဖြစ်ပေါ်စေရန် ဆန္ဒကို ဖြစ်စေ၏၊ အားထုတ်၏၊ လုံ့လပြု၏၊ စိတ်ကို ချီးမြှောက်၏၊ ဆောက်တည်၏။ ဖြစ်ပြီးသော ယုတ်မာသော အကုသိုလ်တရားတို့ကို ပယ်ရန် ဆန္ဒကို ဖြစ်စေ၏၊ အားထုတ်၏၊ လုံ့လပြု၏၊ စိတ်ကို ချီးမြှောက်၏၊ ဆောက်တည်၏။ မဖြစ်သေးသော ကုသိုလ်တရားတို့ကို ဖြစ်စေရန် ဆန္ဒကိုဖြစ်စေ၏၊ အားထုတ်၏၊ လုံ့လပြု၏၊ စိတ်ကို ချီးမြှောက်၏၊ ဆောက်တည်၏။ ဖြစ်ပြီးသော ကုသိုလ်တရားတို့ကို တည်မြဲစေရန် မပျောက်ပျက်စေရန် တိုးတက်ဖြစ်ပွါးစေရန် ပြန့်ပြောစေရန် ပွါးများမှု ပြည့်စုံစေရန် ဆန္ဒကို ဖြစ်စေ၏၊ အားထုတ်၏၊ လုံ့လပြု၏၊ စိတ်ကို ချီးမြှောက်၏၊ ဆောက်တည်၏။
“Này các Tỷ kheo, và thế nào là Chánh tinh tấn? Này các Tỷ kheo, ở đây Tỷ kheo, đối với các ác, bất thiện pháp chưa sanh, khởi lên ý muốn không cho sanh khởi; vị này nỗ lực, tinh tấn, quyết tâm, trì chí. Ðối với các ác, bất thiện pháp đã sanh, khởi lên ý muốn trừ diệt, vị này nỗ lực, tinh tấn, quyết tâm, trì chí. Ðối với các thiện pháp chưa sanh, khởi lên ý muốn khiến cho sanh khởi; vị này nỗ lực, tinh tấn, quyết tâm, trì chí. Ðối với các thiện pháp đã sanh, khởi lên ý muốn khiến cho an trú, không cho băng hoại, khiến cho tăng trưởng, phát triển, viên mãn. Vị này nỗ lực, tinh tấn, quyết tâm, trì chí.”
「而，比丘們！什麼是正精進？比丘們！這裡，比丘為了未生起的惡不善法之不生起而生欲、努力、生起活力、發心、勤奮；為了已生起的惡不善法之捨斷而生欲、努力、生起活力、發心、勤奮；為了未生起的善法之生起而生欲、努力、生起活力、發心、勤奮；為了已生起的善法之存續、不消失、增加、擴大、圓滿修習而生欲、努力、生起活力、發心、勤奮，比丘們！」
Orange Bellied Flowerpecker ©Ashin Sopāka 2017